Вспомогательные глаголы

いる

Smb or smth is doing smth or started some time ago. In a state created by an action he or it took some time ago.

佐々木さんは酒を飲んでいる

ある

only with transitive verbs, related to Vte iru

いく

Some action or state keeps changing from the point in time at which the speaker first describes the action これからは寒くなっていく

くる

motion to the speaker, new event happened, the result is perceptable

くれる

give to the speaker or whom he is associated with

あげる

give to other, do completely

もらう

passive, causative also

みせる

be determined to

こなす

do completely

染みる

to have a touch of; to look like

クルソンは気違いじみていましたか？