Одновременность
| Конструкция | Значение | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| A時（に）, B | When A, B. As a point of time, に emphasize the time | |
| A間、B | Пока A, происходит B. A и B разделяют примерно одинаковый интервал времени.
A-не прош. время, Ｎの, Ａｎａ、 B представляет форму времени. |
両親の旅行している間、僕が毎日食事を作りました。
Во время путешествия родителей я каждый день готовил еду. |
| A間に、B | Пока A, происходит B. B в диапазоне A. В отличии от конструкции A間B, интервал A гораздо больше. | 夏休みの間に、引越ししたいです。
Во время летних каникул я хотел переехать. |
| AうちにB | Whithin the time of A, not when A is noun, A - uncontrollable, no measurable interval | |
| A間際に | on the verge of A | カナリヤをどうしようかと考えたのは、部屋を出る間際にすぎなかった |
| AながらB | while A, B. A and B are 2 actions and share the same subject, B is considered the main one | |
| AままB | A-state | |
| Aっぱなし,B | keep A-ing, leave | |
| Aて | ||
| Aないで | ||
| AずにB | While A, B. A is in te-form | |
| A, 同時にB | A and B simultaneously | |
| Aがてら,B | While A, B | |
| A中に | in the current of A, A - noun | 彼は食事中だ |
| Aところだ | in place (with verbs) | |
| Aかたがた | while A | |
| Aついでに | B while A, take an opportunity to B | |
| 一方 | at the same time | |
| A傍ら | while A, (A no ~) | |
| AやB | at the minute of A, B; A - Vu | ドアを開けるや彼女はさけんだんです |
| ni atatte/atari | in the occasion of A | |
| につれ つれて | as X, then Y; по мере, того как | |
| きっかけに | ||
| A限りB | as long as A, B | |
| A以上は | As long as A, B | |
| A以内B | within A, B | |
| Vていろところ | about to A | |
| Aかけだ | about to A | |
| 辛うじて | barely | |
| 次第 | as sooon as | |
| そこで | when | |
| AにかぎってB | when A, B | |
| A際 | when, in case of A |
Последовательность
| Конструкция | Значение | Пример |
|---|---|---|
| AあとでB | After A, B. B might not be immediatly after A | |
| AのちにB | same as あと but in written language | |
| Aから、B | After A, B. Action are volitional, A is Vte | |
| AからにはB | since A, as long as A | |
| AたらB | Only when A, B - temporally connected | |
| AてB | since A, B. Vte of A | |
| B前にA | before A, B | |
| A場合 | in case of A | |
| Aたとたん(に)B | just after A, B. A is past | |
| Aにあたって | at the time of, opportunity, formal | |
| A初めてB | only after A, B; not until A, B | ソルフェリノ通りに来て初めて私はカフェに入り |
| AてはB | B after A | |
| ところで/に | when | |
| A上でB | After A, B | |
| (ka) to omou to/omottara | right after A, B | |
| AかどうかのうちにB | Just at the time of A, B | |
| A寸前にB | B just before A | |
| Aや否やB | at the minute of A, B | |
| AやB | at the minute of A, B. A, B - sentences | |
| A以前 | before A | |
| A以来 | after A, B | |
| A以後 | after A, B | |
| Aに先だって | after A | |
| A.続いてB | A. Then B | |
| になると | when it becomes A (uncontrollable state) | |
| についで | вслед за | |
| ～が最後
～たら最後 |
right after (often having negative consequences) | アルコール依存症になったが最後、やめるのは困難だ。 |
| AなりB | A then B | |
| かと思うと | immediately after A, A - past tense |